1. Empires have existed for thousands of years, but it was the rise of capitalism that led nations to

a. face for the first time in history the problem of overproduction leading to depression.
b. need colonies as captive markets for the commodities they were producing.
c. need raw materials in greater quantity and variety than ever before to sustain their production.
d. All the above

2. As the socialist movement developed in the late 19th century, debates over imperialism played an important role. Vladimir Lenin, leader of the Russian Bolsheviks, developed Marxist theory to analyze what he saw as a new stage in the development of capitalist imperialism. This stage led capitalist nations to do what?

c. Fight with each other to export production (factories, technology) to colonial regions to gain higher profits.

3. As communist parties developed and established their own International in the aftermath of the socialist revolution in the Russian Empire, they

c. actively supported anti-imperialist movements in colonial regions and worked to develop socialist organizations and communist parties in those regions.

4. In the aftermath of World War I, the reaction to socialist revolution and heightened anti-imperialist movements led to a new imperialist ideology and policy, fascism, which continues in various forms today. Marxists define fascism as which of the following?

a. An open terroristic dictatorship of the most reactionary sectors of the capitalist class in the service of finance (monopoly capital)

5. In the 21st century, the major forces advancing imperialism have been which of the following?

a. The U.S.-led NAT0 bloc
b. The capitalist-controlled International Monetary Fund and World Bank
c. U.S. global military bases, installations, and bilateral and multilateral policies against socialist countries and all nations resisting transnational capitalism
d. Japan and the Exclusive Economic Zone
e. All of the above