This is the 200th anniversary of the birth of Karl Marx. This IQ is dedicated to his life and work.

A) If one looks at his entire life, one can say that Karl Marx was:

1) A charismatic leader who mobilized and led masses of people;
2) A gifted politician who formed political coalitions;
3) A scholar activist who took existing theories(materialism, dialectics) and put them together to change the world;
4) The founder of modern liberalism.

B) As Karl Marx and his coworker Friedrich Engels developed the theory that would come to be called Marxism  they
sought to impose the theory on movements and organizations of their time:

1) Were responding to both workers struggles and various groups advocating policies that were called socialism and communism;
2)  Believed it would see the development of new empires;
3) Believed it would  advance atheism through the world.

C) Marx and Engels called their developing philosophy scientific socialism because:

1. They saw capitalism as a developing mode of production to be analyzed in terms of its structure and function
2. They believed that evolutionary theory in science (represented by Charles Darwin and others) could be applied to the study of society;
3 .They rejected theories of building cooperative communities or settlements outside of the existing capitalist society as refuges, which they called utopian;
4. All of the above.

D) Marx believed that a socialist movement would develop rapidly in the U.S. after the Civil War because:

1 Socialists would take  over the Democratic Party;
2. All Western lands would be taken from the native peoples;
3. The U.S. had no feudal classes to retard industrial capitalist development after the;slaveholders were destroyed as a class;
4. Immigrants would bring socialist ideas to the United States.

E)  In his optimism about the development of socialism in the U.S that Marx underestimated:

1. The high level of equality that capitalism produced in the U.S;
2. The function of religious and ethnic division and, most of all, racism, in dividing the working class;
3. The willingness of the capitalist class to support social reforms;
4. The fact that the workers were happy with capitalism.

F) Two hundred years after his birth the life and work of Karl Marx, committed to providing workers with an understanding of capitalism and the necessity for abolishing it and establishing socialism  remains vital because:

1. Capitalism has used technological development to globalize and qualitatively increase  poverty and inequality;
2. Capitalism has used technological development to globalize  qualitatively increase the devastation produced by militarism and war;
3. Capitalism has used technological development to qualitatively increase the environmental dangers to human and animal life;
4. All of the above.

Answers here.

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